1640 to 1796 Dutch Hospital – Colombo is Located within the Boundary

Sri Lanka, also known as Ceylon, was a major producer of various goods and commodities during the Dutch colonial period from 1640 to 1796. The island was known for its rich resources such as cinnamon, pepper, cardamom, and precious gems. The Dutch East India Company, also known as the Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC), established a stronghold on the island and controlled the trade of these valuable resources. The Dutch Hospital in Colombo is a testament to the island’s rich history and the Dutch presence in Sri Lanka.

The Dutch Hospital is located within the boundary of the Dutch Fort and near the Colombo Fort. The Dutch Governor’s Residence is also located within the Dutch Hospital precinct, which gives a glimpse into the lives of the Dutch colonial officials who governed the island. The Dutch Hospital is one of the oldest buildings in Colombo, dating back to the 17th century. The building was originally used as a hospital for Dutch soldiers, but over the years, it has been repurposed for various uses.

The Dutch Hospital complex comprises several buildings, including the main hospital building, the Dutch Reformed Church, and several smaller buildings that served as residences for the Dutch officials. The main hospital building is a two-story structure with a mix of Dutch and Sri Lankan architectural styles. The building is constructed of coral stone, which was a common building material in Colombo during the Dutch period. The Dutch Reformed Church is a small, but elegant building with a simple design. The church has a beautiful wooden interior and is still used for worship today.

The Dutch Hospital precinct is a popular tourist attraction in Colombo and is considered a must-see for history buffs and architecture enthusiasts. Visitors can take a guided tour of the complex and learn about the history of the Dutch colonial period in Sri Lanka. The precinct is also home to several restaurants and cafes, making it a perfect spot to relax and enjoy a meal while taking in the sights and sounds of Colombo.

Located within the boundary of the Dutch Fort and near the Colombo Fort, the Dutch Governor’s Residence is the Dutch Hospital precinct. It was built to catch the sea breeze and ensure fresh air throughout the complex at all times. At the same time, small cells ensured that warmth was also maintained.

The construction of the hospital close to the port is a significant fact. The hot climate of the tropics did not agree with the Dutch, resulting in them requiring frequent medical attention. The location of the hospital close to the port goes to show the importance that the Dutch placed on providing medical assistance to both sailors and residents.
It is recorded by the German, Christopher Schweitzer that the complex was constructed in 1681. The hospital was well known across the countries and administered by the Dutch East India Company, due to surgeon Pail Hermann, who was resident at the hospital from 1672 to 1679.

Although changes to the structure were made by the British in later years, the structure bears the unmistakable Dutch style to this day. Although the massive pillars and columns have undergone renovation, the distinct high eaves, large windows, and
arches bear the unmistakable Dutch design style. While teak was used extensively throughout the building, it is said to have been imported from Rangoon in Burma. What was once used as a hospital later served many purposes. The British utilized the building for administrative purposes.
Today, the complex has been converted into eclectic eateries and high-end boutiques that are a draw for both tourists and residents alike.

In conclusion, the Dutch Hospital in Colombo is a significant historical site that offers a glimpse into Sri Lanka’s rich past during the Dutch colonial period. The precinct is a beautiful blend of Dutch and Sri Lankan architectural styles and is a testament to the island’s rich history and the Dutch presence in Sri Lanka. Visitors can take a tour of the complex learn about the history of the Dutch colonial period and enjoy a meal in one of the many restaurants in the precinct.

F&Q

1. What is the history of the Dutch Hospital?

The Old Colombo Dutch Hospital, located in Fort, Colombo, is one of the oldest buildings in Sri Lanka, dating back to the 17th century. It was built by the Dutch during their colonial rule (1658–1796) as a hospital to treat their officers and sailors.

Strategic location: Situated near the port, it was convenient for treating injured sailors arriving from long sea voyages.
Restoration: After the colonial period, the building went through various uses, including government offices, before being restored and converted into a shopping and dining precinct in the 21st century. Today, it is a popular tourist destination with boutique shops, restaurants, and cafes.

2. What is the architecture of the Old Colombo Dutch Hospital?

The Old Colombo Dutch Hospital reflects classic Dutch colonial architecture, characterized by:

Thick walls: Designed to keep the interior cool, even in Sri Lanka’s tropical climate.
Red clay-tiled roofs: A signature feature of Dutch buildings in the region.
Arcades and courtyards: Open courtyards provide ventilation and natural light, enhancing the building’s functionality.
Symmetry: The building’s design is symmetrical, a hallmark of the Dutch architectural style.
Columns and arches: These add elegance and structural stability.

3. In which year was Colombo National Hospital established?

The Colombo National Hospital (formerly known as the General Hospital) was established in 1864. It is the largest teaching hospital in Sri Lanka and remains a critical healthcare facility for the country.

4. What is the colonial architecture of Sri Lanka?

The colonial architecture of Sri Lanka reflects the influences of Portuguese, Dutch, and British rule, each leaving their distinct marks on the island’s structures:

Portuguese (1505–1658):

Simple and functional designs.
Notable for introducing Catholic churches, with thick walls and minimal ornamentation.
Example: St. Mary’s Church, Negombo.
Dutch (1658–1796):

Focus on practicality, with buildings designed to suit tropical climates.
Features thick walls, red-tiled roofs, central courtyards, and symmetry.
Examples: Galle Fort, Old Dutch Hospital, and churches like Wolvendaal Church.

British (1796–1948):

Neoclassical, Victorian, and Edwardian styles.
Public buildings, railway stations, schools, and bungalows feature ornate facades, columns, and wide verandas.
Examples: Colombo Municipal Council, Old Parliament Building, and Hill Club (Nuwara Eliya).
Sri Lanka’s colonial architecture is a blend of these styles, adapted to the tropical climate and local materials.